Optimization of On-Grid Microgrid Systems Using HOMER Pro: A Case Study Approach

Abstract

This research presents a comprehensive optimization of on-grid microgrid systems using HOMER Pro software, employing a detailed case study approach. The main objective was to explore optimal configurations involving solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbines, battery storage, and integration with the existing grid, considering local resource availability, economic parameters, and regulatory constraints. The study highlighted the significance of effectively integrating renewable energy sources to achieve sustainable and economically viable energy solutions. Simulation and optimization results demonstrated that a hybrid configuration of solar PV, wind turbines, battery storage, and grid integration significantly reduced operational costs and improved renewable energy penetration. Specifically, the optimized hybrid system achieved a renewable energy penetration rate of approximately 72%, considerably decreasing dependency on conventional energy sources. Economically, the configuration resulted in a Net Present Cost (NPC) of 350,000 USD and a Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of 0.18 USD/kWh, representing a 30% cost saving compared to the conventional grid-only system with an NPC of 500,000 USD and an LCOE of 0.26 USD/kWh. Additionally, sensitivity analysis highlighted that battery storage is crucial in ensuring system reliability, particularly during peak load hours. These findings underline the effectiveness of HOMER Pro for developing economically feasible and sustainable energy solutions adaptable to diverse geographic and regulatory contexts.